01. Indicate the tone that applies to the following:

Those addicted to drugs and alcohol probably feel terrible about themselves – even if they don’t show it – and harsh judgments only worsen their self-image. What these people need are programs to help rid themselves of their addictions.

a. confident
b. critical
c. sympathetic
d. optimistic
e. matter-of-fact (= sticking only to the facts)

02. Which alternative presents a fact only:

a. Under Kublai Khan, grandson of the fearsome Genghis, the Mongols conquered China in 1279.
b. For two fateful months this year, the rains came with vengeful power in Mozambique.
c. A lot of us feel a little blue during the holidays.
d. This year, I swear, is going to be different.
e. In the business world, only the strongest survive.

03. Getting rid of garbage is an enormous problem in the U.S. today. Just for you to have an idea, Americans must deal with over a billion pounds of garbage every day. That number is equal to about six to seven pounds of solid waste per person. A large amount of garbage is burned; however, that creates air pollution. Deep and narrow holes and swampy areas have been used for dumping garbage, but such locations near cities are being quickly used up.

The topic of the paragraph above must be:

a. U.S. dumping grounds
b. The world’s garbage problem
c. Getting rid of garbage in the U.S.
d. Devastation of the earth and related issues
e. Environmental problems

04. Which alternative expresses an opinion only:

a. The rate of growth (R) of a population (ignoring migration) is: (birth rate – death rate) x population size.
b. Most of us think our country needs a radical change.
c. Loops of super-hot electrified gas in the sun’s outer atmosphere of corona were recorded by instruments on board NASA’s Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) orbiting spacecraft.
d. $366: daily price paid for a duck to be used in a stage show in London: a human actor’s weekly minimum wage is $429.
e. The 2000 Olympic Games involved 10,300 athletes in 28 sports, 5,100 officials, 15,000 media people and millions of spectators

05. (FUVEST 1999) Despite French horror at England’s violent football louts, who smashed up Marseilles on June 15th before a match between England and Tunisia, some Britons still get a friendly press in France: the Scots. They have been widely praised for their seemingly indomitable high spirits (amid expected defeat on the playing field) and sense of fair play. One French reporter, impressed by “the indestructible smile and ever-genuine kindness” of Scots fans, has called for inquiry into the “euphoric effects” – more potent, it seems, than Viagra or Prozac – of wearing a kilt. Scottish fans who imbibe gallons of beers and whisky and who occasionally bare their bottoms are readily forgiven.

The Economist – June 20th, 1998

“their seemingly indomitable high spirits” (line 3) means that

a. nothing seems to affect their cheerful state of mind.
b. alcohol appears to raise their spirits.
c. their apparent feeling of invulnerability is impressive.
d. their high team spirit appears to be indestructible.
e. the more they drink, the more high-spirited they seem to become.

06. Identify the purpose of the writer in the following pieces:

I. Travelers who want to freshen up en route no longer have to travel business class. From mid-October, economy-class passengers flying into or out of London’s Heathrow airport can take a shower, have their clothes pressed and shoes cleaned and access facilities including the Internet and e-mail in Heathrow’s classless lounge – all for a $37 entrance fee. Run by British airports operator BAA, which opened its first pay-as-you-go lounge at Stansted Airport in Essex last year, the lounge will also provide a range of drinks and snacks, including hot breakfasts, and a relaxation area with reclining seats.

TIME Magazine – October 9, 2000

II. As consistently as possible, for ourselves and for the sake of future generations, buy only those products for which no creatures have suffered – buy your beauty without cruelty.

a. to entertain, to convince
b. to give information, to entertain
c. to entertain, to give information
d. to inform, to persuade
e. to persuade, to entertain