Inglês

Gabarito

01. Alternativa e.

Let’s have a look at the other alternatives:

Alternative a: The statement “The Japanese can’t take New Year’s holidays” is not true, since the text mentions that an office worker, named Masuko Tanaka won’t be at her office on the first three days of the New Year, which are national holidays. So, Japanese workers can take New Year’s holidays – the problem is that Masuko Tanaka will have to work at her husband’s store during the holidays. Alternative b: “Japan’s holidays” is a very broad theme, which was not developed in the text.

Alternative c: The title of the passage does not cover its main aspect, which is the relation between vacations and Japanese workers.

Alternative d: peer pressure only covers one of the reasons why Japanese workers do not feel comfortable when taking vacations.

Therefore, alternative e is the best choice, since it establishes in a few words what the subject of the passage is.

02. Alternativa c.

When dealing with the main idea of a text, we should try to find answers to questions such as “Why was this text written?” or “What is the main point the author is trying to make?”

The main idea is supported by (supporting) details, such as examples, statistics, quotations or stories. They are the necessary information that backs up and explains the main idea.

Having that in mind, alternative b and d need to be discarded, since the information they present is not developed in the text.

Alternatives a and e seem to be too broad. Although they are presented in the text, this information only works as an introduction to the ideas later developed.

Alternative c is the one that best explains what the text is all about: Japanese workers do have a lot of holidays. However, they do not take them off, due to several aspects.

03. Alternativa b.

Há algumas dicas que ajudam o leitor a descobrir o significado de uma palavra desconhecida através do contexto; por exemplo, checar palavras familiares que circundam a palavra desconhecida; tentar entender a palavra através da ajuda de prefixos e sufixos provenientes do Grego e do Latim; um sinônimo ou antônimo usados pelo autor.

A alternativa b é a que mais se aproxima do significado de shaky (adjetivo), que vem da palavra shake (verbo ou substantivo). A palavra undependable é composta pelo prefixo un que expressa oposição. Dependable significa aquilo que pode ser confiável. Adicionando-se essa informação ao prefixo un, temos então o significado de undependable: aquilo que não pode ser confiável, não é estável; o que por sua vez, também tem a idéia de algo que muda, balança, não tem estabilidade, que são possíveis sinônimos para shaky.

04. Alternativa b.

A alternativa b é a única que não encontra resposta no texto. Senão, vejamos:

a. How old is Malini Ramani and where is she from? 30 years old and she is from India.

c. What did Malini cause when she displayed a demure dress based on the Indian flag? An uproar.

d. What did the Indian police do? They raided her stand and seized the sequined number.

e. What is Malini being charged with? Breaking a law against displaying the national flag.

05. Alternativa d.

A alternativa d parafraseia a 3.a linha do texto: Police raided her stand (=She had her stall attacked) and seized the sequined number (= Her creation was taken away by sudden force) Number, nesse contexto, refere-se ao vestido e sequined descreve o vestido: com lantejoulas.

06. Alternativa d.

The main idea of the passage is best expressed by alternative d. The passage shows the two sides of the foodservice industry.

Alternative b is too broad as a statement and does not work as the main idea of the passage.

Alternative e is not true, since the author mentions the hundreds of people who go broke when investing in foodservice field.

Alternative c does not have any relation with the passage, since the author does not present other business to support a comparison.

Alternative a is not true, since it is not possible to reach this conclusion based on the information provided by the passage.

07. Alternativa c.

To answer question 07 we need to remember that facts are neutral information that can be proven true or false. We should not interpret facts as opinions, since they are statements that cannot be objectively proven, expressing the beliefs, feelings, or judgments that the author has about a certain subject.

Based on that, alternative c is the only one that contains facts about the passage. The other alternatives present opinions based on the observation of a single person. Such statements – hundreds of people and thousands of restaurants go broke, foodservice industry is a tremendous success, etc.– cannot be proven as facts.